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Your search term(s) "proctitis" returned 5 results.

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Radiation Induced Injury to the Colon and Rectum. Digestive Health Matters. 17(3): 5-6. Fall 2008.

This article describes some of the complications that can arise in the colon and rectum as a side effect of radiation therapy. The author notes that symptoms of radiation injury can be quite variable and can occur weeks to years after radiation exposure. The article covers acute radiation injury and chronic radiation injury, discussing symptoms, treatment, and prevention of each. Diarrhea, urgency, incontinence, and rectal bleeding are common symptoms. For acute radiation injury, antidiarrheal therapy may be useful in mild cases, as are the 5-aminosalicylates. Prevention is the best approach. For chronic radiation proctitis, sucralfate enemas have been shown to decrease the risk of bleeding and are generally well tolerated. Surgery is usually reserved for severe cases that do not respond to other treatments.

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Entendiendo el Sangrado Rectal Leve [Understanding Minor Rectal Bleeding]. Oak Brook, IL: American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2007. 2 p.

This Spanish-language brochure from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) familiarizes readers with minor rectal bleeding, a term that refers to the passage of a few drops of bright red, fresh, blood from the rectum, which may appear on the stool, on the toilet paper, or in the toilet bowl. The brochure reviews several possible causes for minor rectal bleeding, including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, proctitis, polyps, colon or anal cancer, and rectal ulcers. The brochure describes each of these conditions, their symptoms, and treatment options. For hemorrhoids, the treatments of rubber band ligation, laser or infrared coagulation, sclerotherapy, and surgery might be used. The brochure also discusses the procedures used to evaluate and diagnose the cause of minor rectal bleeding, as well as practical approaches to prevent further episodes of rectal bleeding. Readers are cautioned that a complete evaluation and early diagnosis of any episodes of rectal bleeding is important. The brochure concludes with a brief description of the activities of and contact information for the ASGE. The brochure is also available in English.

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Understanding Minor Rectal Bleeding. Oak Brook, IL: American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2007. 4 p.

This brochure from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) familiarizes readers with minor rectal bleeding, a term that refers to the passage of a few drops of bright red, fresh, blood from the rectum, which may appear on the stool, on the toilet paper, or in the toilet bowl. The brochure reviews several possible causes for minor rectal bleeding, including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, proctitis, polyps, colon or anal cancer, and rectal ulcers. The brochure describes each of these conditions, their symptoms, and treatment options. For hemorrhoids, the treatments of rubber band ligation, laser or infrared coagulation, sclerotherapy, and surgery might be used. The brochure also discusses the procedures used to evaluate and diagnose the cause of minor rectal bleeding, as well as practical approaches to prevent further episodes of rectal bleeding. Readers are cautioned that a complete evaluation and early diagnosis of any episodes of rectal bleeding is important. The brochure concludes with a brief description of the activities of and contact information for the ASGE. The brochure is also available in Spanish.

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Food Allergies. IN: Buchman, A., ed. Clinical Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Disease. Thorofare, NJ: Slack Incorporated. 2006. pp 97-108.

This chapter about food allergies is from a comprehensive textbook that compiles available data, clinical experience, and research on the role of nutrition in the management of patients with disorders that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The authors describe the problem when food proteins, although indispensable for life, become harmful when recognized by the immune system as foreign antigens. When this happens, food proteins trigger an abnormal immune response and subsequently an inflammatory reaction, which can vary in extent and duration. Allergic reactions to food frequently occur in early childhood and disappear spontaneously within the first 4 to 6 years of life. The authors define adverse reactions to food (ARF), noting that they are caused by a variety of mechanisms, with only about a third of the reactions in children and 10 percent of those in adults being due to an abnormal immunological reaction to food. The chapter reviews the cellular and molecular mechanisms of food allergy; the biochemistry of food allergens; the clinical classification of food allergy, notably non-GI manifestations, GI manifestations, latex-food allergy syndrome, food protein enteropathy and food protein enterocolitis or proctitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); nonimmune ARF, including pseudoallergic and pharmacologic reactions, lactose intolerance, psychological intolerance, and physiological food intolerance; and diagnosis and treatment strategies. The authors conclude with a brief discussion of a new understanding of the role of innate defense systems and the gut microflora, which have opened exciting new therapeutic options such as the use of probiotic bacteria for treatment and prevention of food allergy. 3 tables. 95 references.

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Problematic Proctitis and Distal Colitis. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 20 (Suppl 4): 93-96. October 2004.

The goal of treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC, a type of inflammatory bowel disease) is the induction and maintenance of remission of symptoms and mucosal inflammation. About two-thirds of patients with ulcerative colitis have an inflammatory involvement distal to the splenic flexure, and therefore may be effectively treated with topical treatment (administered through the rectum). This allows the delivery of the active drug directly to the site of inflammation and limits systemic absorption and potential side-effects. Topical aminosalicylate therapy is the most effective approach, and most patients will benefit hugely, provided that the formulation reaches the upper extent of the disease. This article outlines this type of treatment and also reviews the management of problematic proctitis. The author cautions that oral aminosalicylates are less effective than topical therapies; however, a combination of oral and topical aminosalicylates can be successful in refractory patients. Alternatives to aminosalicylates are the new glucocorticoids, budesonide and beclometasone dipropionate, either as enemas or oral formulations (only beclometasone dipropionate). Additional treatments include oral steroids, short-chain fatty acid enemas, nicotine enemas and patches, acetarsol suppositories, cyclosporin enemas, and epidermal growth factor enemas. The factors that can prevent a positive therapeutic response include concurrent enteric pathogens, coexistent irritable bowel syndrome, patient nonadherence to therapy, inadequate dosing and duration of therapy, and proximal progression of the disease. The author concludes that surgical colectomy may be required in those rare patients refractory or intolerant to pharmacotherapy. 36 references.

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