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Your search term(s) "primary sclerosing cholangitis" returned 27 results.
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Cholestasis Post Liver Transplantation. IN: Lindor, K.; Talwalkar, J., eds. Cholestatic Liver Disease. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2008. pp 171-182.
This chapter on cholestasis that occurs after liver transplantation is from a book that offers health care providers an overview of cholestatic liver disease; cholestasis is defined as a liver disorder characterized by impaired bile flow. The chapter covers biliary complications, preservation or reperfusion injury and ABO incompatibility, small-for-size syndrome, hepatic artery thrombosis, infectious complications, drug-induced acute cellular rejection, chronic rejection, and recurrent disease, including primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and viral hepatitis. The authors caution that cholestasis can occur anytime throughout the posttransplant period, may be intrahepatic or extrahepatic in origin, and has a very broad differential diagnosis. Careful diagnostic imaging of the biliary tree is an important first step in the workup, followed by liver biopsy if clinically indicated. 1 table. 50 references.
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Cholestatic Liver Disease. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2008. 188 p.
This book offers health care providers an overview of cholestatic liver disease; cholestasis is defined as a liver disorder characterized by impaired bile flow. The text includes 10 chapters: the diagnosis of cholestasis, drug-induced cholestasis, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), overlap syndrome with autoimmune hepatitis, rare causes of cholestasis, cholestatic variants of viral disease and alcohol, cholestasis from systemic disorders, complications of cholestasis, and posttransplantation cholestasis. Specific topics include liver tests and antibodies, cross-sectional studies, liver biopsy, other diagnostic tests, endoscopic ultrasound, herbal remedies, the risk of colon cancer with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colon cancer posttransplant, and cholangiocarcinoma, genetic disorders, viral hepatitis, sarcoid disease, lymphoma, granulomatous disease, cystic fibrosis, rheumatologic diseases, osteoporosis, pruritus, hyperlipidemia, strictures, viral disease, and recurrent cholestatic liver disease. Each chapter begins with a brief outline and concludes with a summary and a list of references. The text concludes with a subject index.
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Cholestatic Liver Disease: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, and AIDS-Associated Cholangiopathy. IN: Hauser, S., ed. Mayo Clinic Gastroenterology and Hepatology Board Review. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA. 2008. pp 377-382.
This chapter on cholestatic liver disease is from a comprehensive textbook that provides an in-depth examination of essential knowledge in gastroenterology, hepatology, and the related areas of pathology, endoscopy, nutrition, and radiology. This chapter covers primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and AIDS-associated cholangiopathy. The author notes that drug-induced cholestasis may be the most common explanation for cholestasis in patients without biliary obstruction. The author briefly reviews the differential diagnosis. The author outlines the recommended treatment for each of these conditions, including the management of the complications of cholestasis, such as malabsorption, pruritus, and bone disease. PBC involves women in 90 percent of cases and is characterized by antimitochondrial antibodies, fatigue, and pruritus. Treatment usually involves ursodiol for patients at any stage of PBC who have abnormal findings on liver tests. Ursodiol improves survival free of transplantation, decreases the risk of the development of cirrhosis and varices, and lowers lipid levels. PSC is the next most common cholestatic condition in adults. About 70 percent of these patients have inflammatory bowel disease. Unfortunately, no effective therapy is available for PSC. AIDS-associated cholangiopathy is defined as biliary obstruction due to infections that lead to biliary strictures. Treatment with highly active retroviral therapy decreases the percentage of patients with HIV infection that progresses to AIDS and may eventually prevent the development of biliary complications. 2 figures. 1 table. 26 references.
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Overlap Syndromes with Autoimmune Hepatitis. IN: Lindor, K.; Talwalkar, J., eds. Cholestatic Liver Disease. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2008. pp 85-104.
This chapter on overlap syndromes with autoimmune hepatitis is from a book that offers health care providers an overview of cholestatic liver disease; cholestasis is defined as a liver disorder characterized by impaired bile flow. The author of this chapter notes that autoimmune hepatitis, or some features thereof, may coexist with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The overlapping symptoms can include significant elevations of serum aminotransferase, immunoglobulin G, and total protein concentrations, additional circulating antibiotics, and intense, plasma-cell-predominant interface inflammation––hepatitis––that is responsive to systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The chapter covers nomenclature, the interplay of PBC and autoimmune hepatitis, and the overlap between PSC and autoimmune hepatitis. The author concludes that although there is a lot of debate about how autoimmune overlap syndromes should be defined, their existence is not in doubt. The chapter is illustrated with black-and-white photographs. 3 figures. 4 tables. 74 references.
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Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. IN: Lindor, K.; Talwalkar, J., eds. Cholestatic Liver Disease. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2008. pp 67-84. Available from Humana Press. 999 Riverview Dr, Suite 208, Totowa, NJ 07512. Email: humana@humanapr.com. Website: www.humanapress.com. Price: $89.95.
This chapter on primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is from a book that offers health care providers an overview of cholestatic liver disease; cholestasis is defined as a liver disorder characterized by impaired bile flow. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic, progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by fibrosis of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. PSC is often associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The chapter covers diagnosis, pathogenesis, natural history, malignancy risk, and management of patients with PSC. The author notes that liver biopsy may be useful in helping establish the diagnosis of PSC, particularly if the patient’s cholangiograms are normal. PSC is a progressive disease that slowly advances over time and may shorten life expectancy. The most severe complication that can develop is bile duct cancer. No effective medical therapy is yet available for the underlying disease; however, liver transplantation is an option for patients with end-stage liver disease. 4 figures. 1 table. 91 references.
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Case Of Gallbladder Cancer With Extensive Lymphadenopathy Mimicking Klatskin Tumor. Practical Gastroenterology. 31(6): 83-85. June 2007.
This article presents a case report of a 58-year-old woman who presented with 3-week obstructive jaundice. She was found to have metastatic (stage IV) gallbladder adenocarcinoma, with a common bile duct (CBD) stricture mimicking Klatskin tumor. The authors present the differential diagnosis, along with the radiological images that make it a memorable case. Her symptoms include the triad of cholestasis, vague abdominal pain, and weight loss. The differential diagnosis included malignant CBD stricture, CBD stones, benign CBD strictures, primary sclerosing cholangitis, or compression of the CBD by either chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer. They note that gallbladder cancer is an uncommon but highly fatal malignancy. The majority of cases are found incidentally in patients undergoing surgery for cholelithiasis; gallstones are present in 70 to 90 percent of patients with gallbladder cancer. 3 figures. 18 references.
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Endoscopic Management of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: State of the Art. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102:S32-S37 p. 2007.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, idiopathic disorder of the bile ducts that progresses from inflammation to fibrotic stricturing in the bile ducts, which in turn leads to biliary obstruction and, ultimately, chronic liver disease. This article brings readers up-to-date on the use of endoscopy in the management of patients with PSC. Fifty to 80 percent of patients with PSC have coexisting inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), more commonly presenting as ulcerative colitis (UC) than Crohn’s disease. The author discusses the clinical presentation of PSC, diagnostic approaches, the medical and surgical treatments used to manage PSC, cholangiographic findings and endoscopic management, and managing strictures. The author describes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). ERCP is a technique that has increasingly-limited purely diagnostic application in the management of PSC but is of great use in tissue acquisition and in the treatment of cholestatic symptoms in the long-term management of the complications of PSC, notably those due to biliary strictures and bile duct stones. Liver transplantation remains the only definitive treatment for PSC. 3 figures. 32 references.
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Liver Diseases in Pregnancy. IN: Pregnancy in Gastrointestinal Diseases. 2nd ed. Bethesda, MD: American College of Gastroenterology. 2007. pp 32-53.
This chapter about liver diseases in pregnancy is from a monograph that presents updated information about pregnancy in women with gastrointestinal disorders. The authors stress that a complete understanding of the physiological changes that affect pregnancy and of the different liver diseases that occur during pregnancy is essential for early recognition and management of pregnancy-associated liver disorders. The chapter focuses on bringing readers up to date on the research in the area covered, the recommended treatments, and patient management concerns, notably issues of maternal and fetal safety. Separate sections discuss the physiological changes that affect pregnancy, diagnostic imaging tests used in pregnancy, liver disorders that are exclusive or unique to pregnancy, liver diseases that may occur during pregnancy or intercurrent liver diseases in pregnancy, and changes that occur when a woman with a pre-existing liver disease becomes pregnant. Specific conditions discussed include hepatic involvement in hyperemesis gravidarum, acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP), hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome (HELLP syndrome), viral hepatitis, HIV infection, herpes simplex viral infections, cytomegalovirus infection (CMV), alcohol use, portal hypertension, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), Wilson disease, primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, gallstone disease in pregnancy, and liver transplant. The authors conclude that preventive measures, including early prenatal care, avoidance of risky behaviors that could increase a woman’s chance of acquiring infections, and cessation of smoking and drinking alcohol are vital in decreasing morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Although liver disease in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality, clinical outcomes have improved for both mother and baby, and pregnancy is not contraindicated in patients with liver disease or in patients who have had a liver transplant. 3 tables. 54 references.
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Cholangiocarcinoma. IN: Lichtenstein, G.; Ginsberg, G.; Ahmad, N., eds. The Clinician’s Guide to Pancreaticobiliary Disorders. Thorofare, NJ: Slack Incorporated. 2006. pp 103-120.
This chapter about cholangiocarcinoma, cancer of the epithelium of the bile duct system, is from a comprehensive text that covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of disorders of the pancreatic and biliary systems. The author of this chapter cautions that cholangiocarcinoma continues to have a poor 5-year survival rate of 10 percent or less. The chapter covers pathology and classification, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, patient care management, and treatment options, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation, and palliation. The author reports that recent improvements in surgical techniques, including hepatic resection, have increased 5-year survival rates to as high as 20 to 50 percent. The author calls for better screening methods for cholangiocarcinoma, particularly for patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. The chapter is illustrated with black-and-white photographs. 10 figures. 2 tables. 42 references.
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Clinician’s Guide to Liver Disease. Thorofare, NJ: Slack Incorporated. 2006. 356 p.
This user-friendly reference book provides gastroenterologists with an overview of the management of acute and chronic liver disease. The book offers 16 chapters: evaluation of the liver patient, cirrhosis and its complications, acute and chronic viral hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic liver disease, vascular diseases involving the liver, benign and malignant tumors of the liver, liver disease in pregnancy, postoperative jaundice, nonviral infections of the liver, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, liver transplantation, and drug hepatotoxicity. Each chapter presents an introduction, consideration of etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation and symptoms, risk factors, complications, and treatment approaches. The chapters include charts and figures and conclude with a list of references. Most chapters include patient care algorithms. A subject index concludes the volume.
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