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Your search term(s) "chronic kidney failure and prevention" returned 7 results.

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Hospitalization Discharge Diagnoses for Kidney Disease - United States, 1980-2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 57(12): 309-312. March 2008.

This report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides information about hospitalization discharge diagnoses for kidney disease in the United States from 1980 to 2005. The CDC analyzed data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey for this period. The results of that analysis are presented in this article. The authors note that the numbers and rates of kidney disease hospital discharge diagnoses have increased since the early 1990s, especially among adults older than 65 years. A shift has occurred in the type of kidney disease accounting for most of these reported hospitalizations, shifting from chronic kidney failure (CKD) to acute renal failure (ARF). An increasing number of kidney disease hospital discharges are associated with a concomitant diagnosis of diabetes mellitus of hypertension. An editorial note appended to the article considers whether the cause of the increase in hospitalizations with ARF diagnoses is showing an actual increase in ARF or to changes in the way ARF is diagnosed, defined, or reflected in hospital discharge codes. The authors call for additional research to determine the cause of the increase in ARF discharge diagnoses and to quantify the progression from ARF to CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). 2 figures. 1 table. 9 references.

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Kidneys 101: The Basics of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Beginnings. 7(1):7-8. June-July 2007.

This patient education article briefly reviews the basic components of kidney function and the problem of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Typically, CKD happens because the kidneys have less ability to filter out wastes and excess fluids. The article reports the statistics about who is affected by CKD and the risk factors for developing it. The symptoms of the disease as it progresses can include feeling weak, loss of appetite, a metallic taste in the mouth or ammonia breath, sleeping problems, swelling of the feet and ankles, dry skin, muscle cramping at night, and increased need to urinate. The final section of the article considers strategies to reduce the likelihood of developing CKD, which range from exercise and healthy eating to the use of antihypertensive medications, quitting smoking, and following recommended treatments for hypertension and diabetes––two main causes of CKD. The article refers readers to the American Association of Kidney Patients (AAKP) for more information (800-749-AAKP).

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Talking: A Powerful Tool in Kidney Protection. Kidney Beginnings. 5(3): 8-10. October-November 2006.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) runs in families. Close relatives of patients with kidney failure are more likely to develop CKD than people without a family history of kidney failure. This article encourages kidney patients to talk with their loved ones about this increased risk for CKD and the steps that they can take to protect their kidneys. The author notes that it is especially important to talk to family members who have diabetes or hypertension (high blood pressure) because these are the leading risk factors for CKD. The author outlines ways to start the conversation and important points to cover. A final section gives suggestions for finding more information, including free materials that are available through the National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP, www.nkdep.nih.gov). 3 figures. 2 references.

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Treatment Methods for Kidney Failure: Peritoneal Dialysis. Bethesda, MD: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. 2006. 28 p.

This booklet describes the option of peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a treatment for people with advanced and permanent kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Healthy kidneys clean the blood by removing excess fluid, minerals, and wastes. They also make hormones to keep the bones strong and the blood healthy. In kidney failure, medical treatments must be used to perform these functions of the kidneys. This booklet describes how PD works, getting ready for PD, the different types of PD, customizing PD to the individual, preventing problems, equipment and supplies for PD, testing the effectiveness of the dialysis, conditions related to kidney failure and their treatments, and the psychosocial adjustments that occur as one learns to cope with kidney failure. In PD, a soft tube, or catheter, is used to fill the abdomen with dialysis solution; the lining of the abdomen serves as a membrane to allow waste products and extra fluid to pass from the blood into the dialysis solution. These wastes and fluid then leave the person’s body when the dialysis solution is drained. The most common form of PD, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), does not require a machine; other forms use a cycler to perform the exchanges. Infection is the most common problem for people on PD, but equipment advances and strict adherence to infection control measures can reduce this complication. Monitoring tests include those performed on the used solution, urine tests, and blood tests, all of which are done to determine whether the dialysis is adequate. Conditions related to kidney failure and their treatments include anemia; renal osteodystrophy, which is bone disease associated with kidney failure; itching, also called pruritus; sleep disorders; and dialysis-related amyloidosis. The booklet concludes with a description of current research efforts devoted to improving treatment for people with progressive kidney disease and permanent kidney failure. The booklet also includes a list of resources—organizations and instructional materials—and a summary of the activities of the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC), a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) that provides information about diseases of the kidneys and urologic system to patients and their families, the general public, and health care professionals. 6 figures.

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Heart Health and Kidney Disease. In Control. 2(1): 3, 6. March 2005.

Limited fluid, a low sodium diet, and blood pressure pills are all a part of kidney disease treatment, but also contribute to cardiovascular health. This patient education newsletter article considers the interplay of heart health and kidney disease. The author discusses the role of the kidneys in blood pressure, problems associated with high blood pressure (hypertension), general risk factors for heart disease, and lifestyle changes that can help prevent heart disease, including following a lower cholesterol diet, exercise, weight loss, low salt diet, quitting smoking, stress reduction, controlling diabetes, and controlling anemia. One sidebar includes a five question quiz to help readers determine their understanding of the material presented in the article. 7 references.

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Proteinuria Reduction and Progression to Renal Failure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Overt Nephropathy. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 45(2): 281-287. February 2005.

This article reports on a study of the effects of blood pressure reduction by specific classes of antihypertensive drugs on the association between proteinuria reduction and progression of kidney insufficiency and development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study focused on patients with overt diabetic nephropathy who had type 2 diabetes mellitus. The authors examined the influence of baseline and treatment-related changes in proteinuria on the renoprotection shown in the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial. The results showed that risk for kidney failure doubled for each doubling of baseline proteinuria level. For each halving of proteinuria level between baseline and 12 months with treatment, risk for kidney failure was reduced by more than half. For the same proportional change in proteinuria, the reduction in risk for kidney failure was significantly greater for irbesartan compared with amlodipine, but not control. Proteinuria reduction in the first 12 months of therapy with irbesartan is associated with 36 percent of the total renoprotective effect observed. The authors stress that baseline proteinuria is an important risk factor for kidney failure and provides a means to identify patients at greatest risk. The authors conclude that proteinuria reduction using an angiotensin receptor-blocking agent, such as irbesartan, should be regarded as an important treatment goal in renoprotective strategies. 4 figures. 23 references.

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Understanding Conditions That Lead to Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Beginnings. 4(4): 6-7, 22. Special Edition 2005.

This article familiarizes readers with some of the conditions and diseases that can eventually lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The author focuses primarily on diabetes mellitus and hypertension (high blood pressure). Of all the patients who experience kidney failure, 43.5 percent have diabetes and 26.5 percent have high blood pressure. High blood glucose levels associated with diabetes can disrupt the structure and function of blood vessels, including those that are involved in the filtration system of the kidneys. Damaged kidneys do not do a good job of cleaning out the body’s waste and extra fluids. Readers are advised to keep their blood glucose and blood pressure levels as close to normal as possible. Other conditions briefly discussed are glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Readers are referred to a booklet available from the American Association of Kidney Patients (AAKP) for more information (800-749-2257).

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